Informing a 42-year-old man that he was losing his vision due to uncontrolled diabetes stands out as one of the most difficult moments in my clinical practice. He had disregarded medical recommendations, putting both his vision and his life at risk. Unfortunately, this story is all too common, underscoring the impact of systemic health on eye health and emphasizing the importance of regular eye exams and following medical advice.

Over 80% of our understanding of the world is through our eyes. Visual impairment not only affects individuals and their loved ones, but also poses an annual economic burden exceeding $100 billion in the US alone.

The human body is a marvel of interconnected systems and extensive research has demonstrated that comprehensive eye care is a vital component of overall healthcare.

There are numerous systemic health conditions that can affect the eyes, including Alzheimer's, Arteriosclerosis, Autoimmune Conditions (such as Rheumatoid Arthritis, Sjogren's, Crohn's), Diabetes, Dyslipidemia, Shingles, Hypertension, Multiple Sclerosis, Sickle Cell, and Thyroid Dysfunction. These conditions can cause problems from dry eye to vision loss.

Common medications can also impact ocular health, including Alpha-Blockers (Tamsulosin, Dutasteride), Amiodarone, Antibiotics (Fluoroquinolones, Tetracyclines), Anti-Cholinergics (Antihistamines, Antipsychotics, Antispasmodics, Cyclic Antidepressants), Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine, Ethambutol, Gabapentin, Isotretinoin/Vitamin A, PDE5 Inhibitors (Sildenafil, Tadalafil), and Tamoxifen. Continuing these medications is important for many patients, but awareness of their potential risks and regular eye exams are essential to identifying ocular side effects.

Comprehensive eye exams not only detect ocular conditions but also identify previously undiagnosed medical conditions like diabetes, hypertension, giant-cell arteritis, Lyme disease, and autoimmune conditions. Serious eye conditions, including ocular tumors and infections, can jeopardize systemic health and are detectable through a thorough ocular exam.

Lifestyle factors, including diet, exercise, alcohol, and tobacco use, have a significant impact on ocular conditions like macular degeneration, cataracts, and thyroid eye disease. Discussing these factors with your doctor and working together to mitigate risks is essential.

The good news is that preventing or mitigating the effects of systemic conditions on ocular health, and vice versa, is straightforward. The best method for preserving eye health and vision is through regular, medically-focused eye exams, adherence to treatment plans, and lifestyle adjustments. Recognizing the interplay between systemic health and eye health enables us to take proactive steps toward early detection, prevention, and overall well-being.

Call 781-352-4849 today or stop in for a comprehensive exam or eyewear consultation at Modern Eyes, 696 Washington Street, Norwood.

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